Electromagnetic device for controlling the rotation of shafts.



No. 710,3". 1 Painted Sept. 30,1902.

- P. v. AVRIL.

' aLscTnon'Acm-znc DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE noun ou or SHAFTS.

(Appliclbion filed Apr. 29, 1901.) '(u Model.) a Sheets$heet 1,

w umnmnmmmumm Eva/25a? MZ FWI'ZZ P ate nted Sept. 30,1902. v

. P; v. AVRIL. ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE FOR CUNTRULLING THE ROTATION 0FSHAFTSQ (Application filed Am. 29, I901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 y lo lmdgal I lll I It vzrins co. rumour Patented Sept.30, I902.

P. V. AVRIL. ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE ROTATION OFSHAFTS.

A nmimi filed Apr. 29, 1901.)

3 Sheets-$heel 3.

(Ila Model.)

+ Nil lllllllllllll III lllll Ill! me/zr faaZ 7070755 67 TNE u UNITEDSTATES PATENT Fries.

PAUL VICTOR AVRIL, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND LA SOCIETEMARINIER, NAVOIT ET JEANSON, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE ROTATION OF SHAFTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 710,311, datedSeptember 30, 1902.

Application filed April 29, 1901. $e1ialNo. 58,05l. (No model.)

To all whom i may c lt/ 7%: In front of the poles of each group of elec-Be it known that I, PAUL VICTOR AVRIL, tromagnets are arrangedarmature-disks f engineer, a citizen of the French Republic, and g,mounted loosely on the shaft (b. Each residing at Paris, France, (andhaving postarmature-disk may consist of a pulley, a office address Quaides Grands-Augustins, spur-wheel, or the like for transmitting mo- 55 inthe said city of Paris,) have invented certion, as shown in Figs. 1 and2, where the tain new and useful Improvements in Elecarmature-disksfgarerepresented as grooved tromagneticDevicesforControllingthe Rotapulleys.'lhese armature-disks or pulleys, tion of Shafts, of which the followingis a which may or may not be of the same diame- IO specification. ter,are rotated in opposite directions direct This invention relates toelectromagnetic from any suitable prime mover or by a coundevices bymeans of which a shaft may be roter-shaft. (Not shown.) In Fig. 1 asecondary tated in either direction and the direction of shaft h isshown, carrying two grooved pulrotation readily reversed. leys adaptedto be connected to the said ,ar- 15 The nature of this invention will bebetter mature-disks by means of belts, these latter defined and moreclearly understood by the not shown. following description withreference to the On the shaft a isadisk t, of insulating maannexeddrawings, which illustrate several terial, on the periphery of which aretwo constructions and application of the said strips of conductingmet-alj and 7c, insulated 2o electromagnetic controlling device. fromeach other and upon which is adapted Figures 1 and 2 denote front andside eleto bear two stationary contacts at and a, con vations,respectively, of myimproved device. nected to contact-pieces or a switch0, the Fig. 3 is an elevation of the contact for imarm of which switchis connected to one pole parting to the shaft alternate rotations of aof a source of electricity 1), while the other 25 very slight extent.Figs. at and 5 are front pole is connected, by means of conductors q andside elevations, respectively, of a modiand r, to the two groups ofelectromagnets (Z lied form of my device. Fig. 6 is an elevae, to whichare also connected the two strips tion of a modified form of contactsfor obof metalj 7.; on the disk of insulating matetaining rotation ofthe shaft in one direction. rial. All the electrical connections are dia30 Figs. 7 and S are side and front elevations of grammatically shown inFig. 2. the device for imparting annular displace- If one of theelectric circuits be closed by ments to the shaft. Figs. 9, 10, and 11are means of the switch 0, the corresponding a side elevation, asectional detail, and a plan, electromagnet attracts its armature, andthe respectively, of the current-controlling deshaft a, onwhichitismounted, will be caused 35 vice used in connection with theconstruction to rotate in one direction. Let us suppose shown in Figs. 8and 9. that circuit being kept closed through one of A shaft (6, Figs. 1and 2, mounted in suitthe stripsj or 70, the shaft a rotates in thediable bearings, has keyed on it two disks of rection indicated by thearrows, and let us magnetizable metal I) and c, carrying between closethe circuit on the stationary contact 'n 40 them two groups ofelectromagnets cl 6. The that is to say, on the strip 7t. 0 cores of onegroup (Z of these magnets pro- The shaft a is withdrawn until the pointof ject beyond disk I), while the cores of the separation of the stripsjand 7. which is beother group 6 project beyond the other disk low thecontact m, is coming under the conc. These cores are magneticallyinsulated tact a. If in consequence of the momentum 5 from the disks Z)or 0, beyond which they exacquired the shaft a keeps on rotating, the 5tend and constitute two horseshoe-magnets. other strip j comes incontact with the other Each set of electromagnets is included in astationary contact 7t and the circuit through separate circuit, bothcircuits capable of bethe first strip 7; is broken and completed ingconnected to one and the same source of through the other strip j. Theshaft a will 50 electricity. be rotated in the opposite direction; butas the stripj leaves immediately the stationary contact 02 this reversemotion is very limited and the shaft a is brought to rest. If then thecircuit through the first stationary contact m be closed, the shaft tois rotated until the gap separating the strips j and 7t comes again incontact with the fixed contact or. The partial rotation of the shaft ais thus limited according to the distance between the stationarycontacts on and n.

The switch 0 may be replaced byany other suitable device moved by handor automatically for supplying current alternately to one or the otherof the stationary contacts m or n.

The switch 0 and the two stationary contacts m it may be replaced bysingle movable contact, Fig. 3, pivotally attached to an arm m, pivotedon the axis y. In the position of rest the extremity o of the arm 00engages with the gap between the two contact-strips j and on the disks,but touches neither of them. When the arm m is caused by suitable meansto oscillate in one or the other direction of the arrow 2, the movablecontact o comes into contact with one or other of the strips j and Z0,thereby closing the circuit of the corresponding electromagnet. Theshaft to is thus rotated until the oscillating arm 00 is brought back toits position of rest. As soon as the contact 7; is brought in contactwith the other strip the shaft (2, is rotated in the opposite direction.

In the modification, Figs. 4 and 5, the groups of electromagnets d and eare fixed to the disk of insulating material i, which is keyed on theshaft a, and the armatures 1 and 2 of the magnets constitute pawls,which when the electromagnets are energized engage, respectively, withratchet-wheels 3 and 4, mounted loosely on the shaft a and which revolvein opposite directions. The oscillating contact 1;, hereinbeforedescribed, may be used in connection with this arrangement of Fig. 3.

By providing three stationary contacts, as shown in Fig. 6, rotation maybe imparted to the shaft a in one direction.

By closing the circuit on the contact 5, for example, the set ofelectromagnets d (1 will be excited, and, as explained with reference toFigs. 2 and 3, the shaft a and the disk which carries thecontact-stripsj and k are caused to rotate as long as the electromagnetsare excited-say as long as the switch closes the circuit on the contact5'. When the gap 8 between the strips j and 75 comes under the contact5,the mechanism is stopped. If the contact be closed on 6, the same setof electromagnets d is excited, (because the stripj is in contact with 6and (1,) and the rotation goes on in the same direction until the gap 8comes under the said contact 6. If now the contact be closed on 7, thesame set of electromagnets cl remains excited, (because the stripj is incontact with 7 and d,) and the rotation of the shaft goes on in the samedirection until the gap 8 comes under the contact 7 and the mechanism isstopped. By reversing the direction of the switchsay by closing thecontact on 6the second set of electromagnets is excited and the shaftwill turn in the reversed direction, and so on until the gap 8 isreturned under the contact 5, which occurs when the switch has beenreplaced on the first contact.

To cause the shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, it is onlynecessary in case of Fig. 6 to close and open the circuits through thestationary contacts in the reverse order.

Figs. 7to 11 illustrate means for controlling the movable contact 41,(referred to in Figs. 3, 4, and 5,) by which a desired angulardisplacement can be imparted to the shaft a.

Instead of the contact pivoted to the arm, as hereinbefore described,thecontacto is pivotally attached to a ratchet-wheel 9, Figs. 7 and 8,keyed 011 a shaft 10 or spindle arranged coaxially with the shaft to berotated and carrying a second ratchet-wheel 11, the teeth of which arearranged in the opposite direction to that of the teeth of theratchet-wheel 9. These two ratchet-wheels may be driven in oppositedirection through the medium of driving-pawls 12 and 13, forming thearmatures of two electromagnets 14 15, mounted on a fixed support. Theelectromagnet 14 is connected by a wire 16 to a source of electricity pand by another wire 17 to a rubbing contact-piece 18, Fig. 9, of acurrent-controlling device 0, Figs. 9, 10, and 11. The otherelectromagnet 15 is connected bya wire 19 to the source of electricitypand by another wire 20 to a rubbing contact 21, Fig. 9. The rubbingcontact-pieces 18 and 21 bear on twoinsulated rings 22 23, to which areattached the two wires 24 and 25, connected to the terminals 26 and 27,respectively. A third rubbing contact-piece 28, connected by a wire'29to the source of electricity 1), bears on an arbor 30, carrying atoothed disk 31, having the same number of teeth as in each of theratchetwheels 9 and 11. An arm 32, of insulating material, capable'ofbeing rotated on the said arbor 30 by means of a handle 33, carries theterminals 26 27.

The handle 33 is insulated from the arbor 30 and carries a contact-piece34, which moves in front of the periphery of the toothed disk 31. Let ussuppose the handle 33 is brought in contact with the terminal 27 andwhile in this position the contact 34 on the handle bears on a tooth onthe disk 31. In this case the current flows through the wire 29 to therubbing contact 28, then through the arbor 30 and toothed disk 3l,whenceit flows through the contact 34 on the arm of insulating material andhandle 33 to the terminal 27, then through the wire 25 to the ring 23and through the rubbing contact-piece 21 and wire 20 to one of theeleetromagnets 15, Figs. 7 and 8, and finally back to the source ofelectricity through the wire 19. The armature 13 being attracted movesthe ratchet-wheel 11 in connection therewith one tooth and remains inengagement until the handle 33 is moved so as to bring the contact 3%opposite a spacein the periphery of the toothed disk 31. The armature 13is then brought back to its first position by a spring 35. If therotation of the handle is continued in that direction in which thishandle remains in contact with the terminal 27, the circuit will bealternately closed and broken through the electromagnet 15 and theratchet-Wheel 11 will be moved a tooth each time. The spindle 10, onwhich the ratchet-wheel 9 is mounted, takes part in this mot-ion, aswell as the movable contact b, attached to the said ratchetwheel S); butthis contact could be keyed directly on the spindle 10. To cause thearbor 10 to rotate in the opposite direction, it is only necessary toturn the handle in the direction to make contact with the order-terminal26.

Each time one of the ratchet-wheels 9 and 11 is moved one tooth themovable contact 1; comes in contact with either one or the other ofstrips j or 713. The rotation of the shaft a, arranged coaxial with thespindle carrying the ratchetwvheels, takes place in one direction or theother through the medium of one of the electromagnetic mechanismsillustrated in Figs. 1 to 5. The extent of rotation of the said shaft ais equal to that imparted to the spindle 10 and is effected through themedium of armatures 12 and 13, actuating the ratchet-wheels 9 and 11. Bysuitably manipulating the controlling device 0 any required extent ofrotation can be imparted to the spindle 10 and to the coaxially-arrangedshaft- (L.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of myinvention and in what manner the same maybe carried into effect, Ideclare that what I claim is- 1. The combination with a shaft adapted tobe be operatively connected to a prime mover, and an electromagneticdevice carried by the shaft and adapted when energized to connect theshaft with the prime mover to cause the operation of said shaft, ofadisk mounted upon said shaft, contact strips carried thereby, meansengaging the said strips for making and breaking an electrical circuitfor energizing and deenergizing said magnetic device to control themovement of the said shaft, and electrical connections between saidmeans, magnetic device and source of electrical energy.

2. The combination with a shaft adapted to be operatively connected to aprime mover, and an electromagnetic device carried by the shaft andadapted when energized to connect the shaft with the prime mover tocause the operation of said shaft, of a disk mounted upon said shaft,contact-strips carried thereby, amovable cont-act engaging the saidstrips for making and breaking an electrical circuitfor energizing anddecncrgizing said mag netic device to control the movement of the saidshaft, and electrical connections between said movable contact, magneticdevice and a source of electrical energy.

The combination with a shaft ad apted to be operatively connected to aprime mover, of an electrical magnetic device carried by the shaft andadapted when energized to connect the shaft with the prime mover tocause its operation, a disk mounted upon said shaft, contact-stripssecured to the periphery of said disk a suitable distance apart, meansengaging the said strips for making and breaking an electrical circuitfor energizing and (teenergizing said magnetic device to control themovement of said shaft, and electrical connections between said means,magnetic device and a source of electrical energy.

4. The combination with a shaft adapted to be operatively connected to aprime mover, of an electromagnetic device supported by said shaft andcomprising in its construction a disk loosely mounted upon the shaft,said disk suitably connected to a prime mover and forming the armatureof the magnetic device, a disk fixed to said shaft, contact-stripscarried thereby, means engaging with said strips for making and breakingan electrical circuit for energizing and deenergizing said magneticdevice to control the movement of said shaft and to connect said shaftwith the said prime mover to cause the operation of the shaft, andelectrical connections between said means, magnetic device and a sourceof electrical energy.

5. The combination with a shaft adapted to be operatively connected to aprime mover, of an electromagnetic device supported by said shaft andcomprising in its construction a disk loosely mounted upon the shaft,said disk suitably connected to a prime mover and forming the armatureof the magnetic device, a disk fixed to said shaft, contact-stripscarried thereby, a movable contact engaging with said strips for makingand breaking an electrical circuit for energizing and deenergizing saidmagnetic device to control the movement of said shaft and to connectsaid shaft with the said prime mover to cause the operation of theshaft, and electrical connec tions between said movable contact,magnetic device and a source of electrical energy.

6. The combination with a shaft adapted to be operatively connected to aprime mover, of an electromagnetic device supported by said shaft andcomprising in its construction a disk loosely mounted upon the shaft,said disk suitably connected to a prime mover and forming the armatureof the magnetic device, a disk fixed to said shaft, contact-stripssecured to the periphery of said disk a suitable distance apart, meansengaging with said strips for making and breaking an electrical circuitfor energizing and deen'ergizing said i In testimony whereof I havehereunto set magnetic device to control the movement of i my hand inpresence of two subscribing Witsaid shaft and to connect said shaft withthe nesses.

said prime mover to cause the operation of PAUL VICTOR AVRIL. 5 theshaft, and electrical connections between Witnesses:

said means, magnetic device and a source of EDWARD P. MAOLEAN,

electrical en ergy. i EMILE KLOTZ.

